@Article{MoraisSantCremStev:2016:PaIvRi,
               author = "Morais, Eduardo Souza de and Santos, Manoel Luis dos and Cremon, 
                         {\'E}dipo Henrique and Stevaux, Jos{\'e} C{\^a}ndido",
          affiliation = "{Universidade Estadual de Maring{\'a} (UEM)} and {Universidade 
                         Estadual de Maring{\'a} (UEM)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Universidade Estadual de 
                         Maring{\'a} (UEM)}",
                title = "Floodplain evolution in a confluence zone: Paran{\'a} and 
                         Iva{\'{\i}} rivers, Brazil",
              journal = "Geomorphology",
                 year = "2016",
               volume = "257",
                pages = "1--9",
                month = "Mar.",
             keywords = "Alluvial fan, Confluence, Floodplain, Holocene, Paleochannel, 
                         Paran{\'a} river.",
             abstract = "In this study we investigated floodplain development at the 
                         confluence of the Paran{\'a} and Iva{\'{\i}} rivers, Brazil. We 
                         evaluated paleochannels with sedimentary facies and morphometry 
                         from cartographic products, which enabled us to identify 
                         compartments that indicate homologous morphogenesis. These results 
                         contributed to the distinction in the floodplain of areas reworked 
                         by the Paran{\'a}, Iva{\'{\i}}, or both river systems. 
                         Additionally, investigations that included dating deposits on the 
                         terrace that borders the floodplain and an alluvial fan (also in 
                         contact with the floodplain) reinforced the interpretation of the 
                         fluvial landscape. The identified stages of geomorphological 
                         evolution demonstrated the existence of a paleoconfluence of the 
                         Paran{\'a} and Iva{\'{\i}} rivers during the late Pleistocene 
                         that was located 6 km upstream from the current confluence. This 
                         paleoconfluence displays a different configuration in relation to 
                         the current confluence, and its features resemble and contribute 
                         to understanding the former braided channel pattern of the 
                         Paran{\'a} River. The abandonments of the Paran{\'a} River 
                         channels identified in this study were initial and crucial process 
                         in the development of the floodplain. This channel change favored 
                         the formation of extensive wetlands and consequently the 
                         confluence migration, which resulted in the fluvial reworking 
                         indicated by the paleochannels of the Iva{\'{\i}} River. Another 
                         implication from the confluence migration was a base level fall, 
                         which contributed to maintaining the stability of the 
                         Iva{\'{\i}} River and its embedded meanders. In addition, 
                         investigations of an alluvial fan in the Paran{\'a} River valley 
                         provided evidence of massive deposition of sediments from a 
                         tributary of the Iva{\'{\i}} River onto the floodplain, which is 
                         associated with a regional dry period in the late Holocene as well 
                         as neotectonic control.",
                  doi = "10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.12.017",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.12.017",
                 issn = "0169-555X",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "Morais_floodplain.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}